congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a terrier dog

a one-month-old male terrier dog was referred in shock status with a history of anorexia, tachypnea, abdominal distention and progressive weight loss. auscultation of right side of the lungs found enhanced respiratory noises. the thorough auscultation of the opposite side of the chest revealed the presence of typical intestinal sounds. cardiac auscultation revealed muffled heart sounds and a diminished palpable precordial cardiac impulse was evident. the radiograph showed the presence of gas within the bowel in abrupt contrast to the adjacent structures of soft tissue opacity. conservative treatment was failed and the animal died. at necropsy, cranial displacement of abdominal viscera into the pericardial sac was seen. a definitive diagnosis of peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia was made. although congenital pericardial diseases are rare in dogs, awareness of the clinical manifestation of these kinds of defects combined with early use of available imaging modalities can yield a preoperative diagnosis.